KATRIN Sensitivity to Sterile Neutrino Mass in the Shadow of Lightest Neutrino Mass

The presence of light sterile neutrinos would strongly modify the energy spectrum of the Tritium \beta-electrons. We perform an analysis of the KATRIN experiment's sensitivity by scanning almost all the allowed region of neutrino mass-squared difference and mixing angles of the 3+1 scenario. We consider the effect of the unknown absolute mass scale of active neutrinos on the sensitivity of KATRIN to the sterile neutrino mass. We show that after 3 years of data-taking, the KATRIN experiment can be sensitive to mixing angles as small as sin^2 (2\theta_s) ~ 10^-2. Particularly we show that for small mixing angles, sin^2 (2\theta_s) < 0.1, the KATRIN experiment can gives the strongest limit on active-sterile mass-squared difference.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, matches the published versio

Solar Model Parameters and Direct Measurements of Solar Neutrino Fluxes

We explore a novel possibility of determining the solar model parameters, which serve as input in the calculations of the solar neutrino fluxes, by exploiting the data from direct measurements of the fluxes. More specifically, we use the rather precise value of the $^8B$ neutrino flux, $\phi_B$ obtained from the global analysis of the solar neutrino and KamLAND data, to derive constraints on each of the solar model parameters on which $\phi_B$ depends. We also use more precise values of $^7Be$ and $pp$ fluxes as can be obtained from future prospective data and discuss whether such measurements can help in reducing the uncertainties of one or more input parameters of the Standard Solar Model.Comment: 25 pages, 3 figure

Flavor Delta(54) in SU(5) SUSY Model

We design a supersymmetric SU (5) GUT model using \Delta (54), a finite non-abelian subgroup of SU (3)f . Heavy right handed neutrinos are introduced which transform as three-dimensional repre-sentation of our chosen family group. The model successfully reproduces the mass hierarchical mass structures of the Standard Model, and the CKM mixing matrix. It then provides predictions for the light neutrino with a normal hierarchy and masses such that m{\nu},1 \approx 5\times10-3 eV, m{\nu}, 2 \approx 1\times 10-2 eV, and m{\nu},3 \approx 5 \times 10-2 eV. We also provide predictions for masses of the heavy neutrinos, and correc- tions to the tri-bimaximal matrix that fit within experimental limits, e.g. a reactor angle of -7.31o. A simple modification to our model is introduced at the end and is shown to also produce predictions that fall well within those limits.Comment: 22 page

Improved Limit on theta_{13} and Implications for Neutrino Masses in Neutrino-less Double Beta Decay and Cosmology

We analyze the impact of a measurement, or of an improved bound, on theta_{13} for the determination of the effective neutrino mass in neutrino-less double beta decay and cosmology. In particular, we discuss how an improved limit on (or a specific value of) theta_{13} can influence the determination of the neutrino mass spectrum via neutrino-less double beta decay. We also discuss the interplay with improved cosmological neutrino mass searches.Comment: 22 pages, 5 figures. Minor corrections, matches version in PR

Researches on the mechanism of induced chromosome rearrangements in Drosophila melanogaster

1) The problem has been investigated as to whether single breaks induced by irradiation in the chromosomes of mature sperm of Drosophih /Tazy produce the loss of whole chromosomes by formation of dicentric chromosomes originated from lateral fusion of broken sister chromatids at the point of breakage..The two methods adopted for detecting losses of X and Y chromosomes and another for detecting losses of the autosomes are described in detail.2) A dosage experiment (0, 1000, 4000 r) showed that losses of X and Y are actually produced by irradiation of the mature sperm, that they are, in part at least, non lethal to the zygote and that they occur with a frequency proportional to the first power of the dosage.3) An experiment in which the frequency of induced losses was investigated with X and Y chromosomes of' different cytological length and of different shape (V shaped and ring shaped) , showed that this frequency is correlated with the breakage frequency of the X and Y chromosomes used, and that a ring-shaped (Xc₂) X-chromosome undergoes loss with a much higher frequency than a V- or rod-shaped X-chromosome of the same length.4) Losses of X or Y chromatids, giving origin to "fractional" (mosaic) flies, in proportion to chromatid deletions or minute rearrangements, are less frequent than the corresponding losses of chromosomes in proportion to chromosome deletions.5) An experiment based on the use of triploids in which induced losses of the two major autosomes were investigated; showed that losses of the latter also, are, under suitable conditions, non-lethal to the zygote . Their frequency, when losses of one autosome are compared with that of the other and also with losses of X and Y, is again suggestive of a correlation with breakage frequency.6) In the preceding experiment , and in an additional one made with the purpose of definitely settling this question, no fly developed in which the loss of both autosomes or of an X (or Y) and an autosome, could be attributed to a dicentric translocation between the chromosomes involved. The conclusion is drawn that dicentric translocations are generally, perhaps always, lethal to the zygote even when, as in the present case, the elimination of the dicentric would have left the zygote with a normal diploid set.7) The evidence found is considered as in agreement with a loss mechanism of the kind suggested in 1). It is concluded that losses are produced by single breaks induced by single ionizations along the chromonema leading to formation of a sister - chromatid dicentric which either is lost immediately at first mitotic anaphase or undergoes a process of repeated breakage which eventually leads to complete loss.8) To explain why dicentrics of the kind described in 7) can be eliminated by the zygote in such a way as to allow /it to survive, while dicentrics formed by fusion of different chromosomes can not, it is pointed out that the symmetrical structure of the former as compared with the asymmetrical of the latter may account for a different behaviour in mitotic anaphase, perhaps facilitating, in the latter, the inclusion of the whole dicentric in one daughter nucleus instead of its immediate loss through lagging or repeated breakage.9) It is emphasised that ti-n results found here are in strong support of the "breakage first" theory for structural chromosome changes as there is a direct proportionality to dosage for "single break" losses in contrast with the proportionality to about the 1.5 power of the dosage found, within the range of dosages used here, for gross rearrangements

Constraining Mass Spectra with Sterile Neutrinos from Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay, Tritium Beta Decay and Cosmology

We analyze the constraints on neutrino mass spectra with extra sterile neutrinos as implied by the LSND experiment. The various mass related observables in neutrinoless double beta decay, tritium beta decay and cosmology are discussed. Both neutrino oscillation results as well as recent cosmological neutrino mass bounds are taken into account. We find that some of the allowed mass patterns are severely restricted by the current constraints, in particular by the cosmological constraints on the total sum of neutrino masses and by the non-maximality of the solar neutrino mixing angle. Furthermore, we estimate the form of the four neutrino mass matrices and also comment on the situation in scenarios with two additional sterile neutrinos.Comment: 40 pages, 9 figures. Minor changes, matches version in PR

Lepton number violating four-body tau lepton decays

We study the four-body tau^+- -> nu_tau l^+- l^+- X^-+ decays where l=e or mu and X=pi, K, rho and K^* mesons. These decay processes violate the total lepton number (|Delta L|=2) and can be induced by the exchange of Majorana neutrinos. We consider an scenario where these decays are dominated by the exchange of only one heavy neutrino which produces an enhancement of the decay amplitude via the resonant mechanism. Searches for these novel decay channels with branching fractions sensitivities of (10^-7) can provide constraints on the parameter space of the Majorana neutrinos which are stronger than the ones obtained from Delta L=2 decays of charged pseudoscalar mesons.Comment: REVTeX, 14 pages, 6 figures, four references added. Version accepted for publication in PR

Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay and Future Neutrino Oscillation Precision Experiments

We discuss to what extent future precision measurements of neutrino mixing observables will influence the information we can draw from a measurement of (or an improved limit on) neutrinoless double beta decay. Whereas the Delta m^2 corresponding to solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillations are expected to be known with good precision, the parameter theta_{12} will govern large part of the uncertainty. We focus in particular on the possibility of distinguishing the neutrino mass hierarchies and on setting a limit on the neutrino mass. We give the largest allowed values of the neutrino masses which allow to distinguish the normal from the inverted hierarchy. All aspects are discussed as a function of the uncertainty stemming from the involved nuclear matrix elements. The implications of a vanishing, or extremely small, effective mass are also investigated. By giving a large list of possible neutrino mass matrices and their predictions for the observables, we finally explore how a measurement of (or an improved limit on) neutrinoless double beta decay can help to identify the neutrino mass matrix if more precise values of the relevant parameters are known.Comment: 35 pages, 12 figures. Comments and references added. To appear in PR

Quark-lepton mass unification at TeV scales

A scenario combining a model of early (TeV) unification of quarks and leptons with the physics of large extra dimensions provides a natural mechanism linking quark and lepton masses at TeV scale. This has been dubbed as early quark-lepton mass unification by one of us (PQH) in one of the two models of early quark-lepton unification, which are consistent with data, namely SU(4)_PS \otimes SU(2)_L \otimes SU(2)_R \otimes SU(2)_H. In particular, it focused on the issue of naturally light Dirac neutrino. The present paper will focus on similar issues in the other model, namely SU(4)_PS \otimes SU(3)_L \otimes SU(3)_H.Comment: Accepted for publication in PRD: The new version is in agreement with the accepted manuscrip

Neutrino oscillation probabilities: Sensitivity to parameters

We study in detail the sensitivity of neutrino oscillation probabilities to the fundamental neutrino parameters and their possible determination through experiments. The first part of the paper is devoted to the broad theme of isolating regions in the neutrino (and anti-neutrino) energy and propagation length that are sensitive to the oscillation parameters. Such a study is relevant to neutrinos both from the Earth's atmosphere or from a neutrino factory. For completeness we discuss the sensitivity, however small, to the parameters involved in a three-generation framework, and to the Earth matter density profile. We then study processes relevant to atmospheric neutrinos which are sensitive to and allow precision measurements of the mixing angle theta_23 and mass-squared difference delta_32 apart from the mixing angle theta_13. Crucial to this analysis is charge identification; detectors having this capability can isolate these matter effects. In particular, we address the issue of using matter effects to determine whether the mixing angle theta_23 is maximal, and, if not, to explore how well its octant can be determined. When realistic detector resolutions are included, we find that deviations of about 15% (20%) from a maximal value of sin^2 theta_23=1/2 can be measured at 95% (99%) CL provided theta_13 is non-zero, sin^2 theta_13 >= 0.015, and the neutrino mass ordering is normal, with fairly large exposures of 1000 kton-years.Comment: 37 pages Latex file, 30 eps figure files; minor typos fixe